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Most Microwave Counters contain a pre-amplifier, pre-scaler, mixer or downconverter to reduce the measured frequency to a common baseband frequency range. From that stage, a frequency counter is an electronic instrument, that is used for measuring the down converted frequency. Since frequency is defined as the number of events of a particular sort occurring in a set period of time, it is generally straightforward to measure. Most frequency counters work by using a counter which accumulates the number of events occurring within a specific period of time. After a preset period the value in the counter is transferred to a display and the counter is reset to zero. The internal oscillator which enables the frequency counter to measure time is called the timebase, and must be calibrated very accurately.
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